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The Twelve Earthly Branches Explained — Korean Saju's Zodiac-Animal Layer

If the 10 Heavenly Stems are the alphabet of Korean Saju (사주), the 12 Earthly Branches (지지, jiji) are its calendar and its zodiac. Each branch carries one of the twelve animals you already know — Rat, Ox, Tiger… — plus a season, a two-hour window of the day, a Five-Element flavour, and one to three "hidden stems." Every pillar in your chart pairs one stem on top with one branch below, which is why Saju is also called 사주팔자 — "four pillars, eight characters."

The 12 branches at a glance

#Hanja / KoreanAnimalElementSeason / MonthHours
1子 / 자 (Ja)RatYang WaterMid-winter23:00–01:00
2丑 / 축 (Chuk)OxYin EarthLate winter01:00–03:00
3寅 / 인 (In)TigerYang WoodEarly spring03:00–05:00
4卯 / 묘 (Myo)RabbitYin WoodMid-spring05:00–07:00
5辰 / 진 (Jin)DragonYang EarthLate spring07:00–09:00
6巳 / 사 (Sa)SnakeYin FireEarly summer09:00–11:00
7午 / 오 (O)HorseYang FireMid-summer11:00–13:00
8未 / 미 (Mi)GoatYin EarthLate summer13:00–15:00
9申 / 신 (Sin)MonkeyYang MetalEarly autumn15:00–17:00
10酉 / 유 (Yu)RoosterYin MetalMid-autumn17:00–19:00
11戌 / 술 (Sul)DogYang EarthLate autumn19:00–21:00
12亥 / 해 (Hae)PigYin WaterEarly winter21:00–23:00

Note: branch hours follow the traditional double-hour system. Korean Saju practice often applies a longitude correction (roughly 30 minutes) before assigning the hour branch, so a chart calculator is the reliable way to find yours.

Each branch in detail — find your Day Branch

1. 子 / 자 (Ja) — Rat · Yang Water

MIDNIGHT · RESOURCEFUL · QUICK-WITTED

Ja is the seed of a new cycle — alert, adaptable, good with information and money. Ja people read situations fast and rarely waste a move. Tendency to overthink or hoard options when they should commit.

2. 丑 / 축 (Chuk) — Ox · Yin Earth

FROZEN FIELD · PATIENT · ENDURING

Chuk is stored, dependable earth. These people build slowly and finish what they start. Strong in long projects, craftsmanship, and stewardship. Can be stubborn and slow to ask for help.

3. 寅 / 인 (In) — Tiger · Yang Wood

FIRST SPROUT · BOLD · INITIATING

In is the burst of spring — courageous, pioneering, allergic to standing still. Natural starters and leaders. Their fire can run hot, so pacing and follow-through are the lifelong lessons.

4. 卯 / 묘 (Myo) — Rabbit · Yin Wood

SOFT GROWTH · GENTLE · TASTEFUL

Myo is tender, flexible wood — refined, sociable, sensitive to beauty and harmony. Strong in design, hospitality, and diplomacy. Avoids conflict, which can mean avoiding hard but needed decisions.

5. 辰 / 진 (Jin) — Dragon · Yang Earth

STORM RESERVOIR · AMBITIOUS · CHANGEABLE

Jin is a damp, fertile, dramatic earth that holds water and wood inside it. Big vision, magnetic presence, fond of scale. The same intensity can read as moodiness or grandiosity if unbalanced.

6. 巳 / 사 (Sa) — Snake · Yin Fire

INNER FLAME · ANALYTICAL · PRIVATE

Sa is a contained, intelligent fire. Strategic, perceptive, drawn to depth over noise. Strong in research, finance, and anything requiring discretion. Can keep too much hidden, even from allies.

7. 午 / 오 (O) — Horse · Yang Fire

HIGH NOON · ENERGETIC · EXPRESSIVE

O is fire at its peak — passionate, fast-moving, openly emotional. Born motivators and performers who hate being caged. Burnout and impatience are the costs of running so bright.

8. 未 / 미 (Mi) — Goat · Yin Earth

WARM SOIL · KIND · ARTISTIC

Mi is gentle, nurturing earth that ripens the harvest. Empathetic, creative, attentive to people's comfort. Strong in caregiving and the arts. Over-giving and worry are the recurring drains.

9. 申 / 신 (Sin) — Monkey · Yang Metal

RAW ORE · CLEVER · VERSATILE

Sin is bright, restless metal — inventive, witty, mechanically and socially agile. Excellent problem-solvers who love a new angle. Can get bored, scatter focus, or outsmart themselves.

10. 酉 / 유 (Yu) — Rooster · Yin Metal

REFINED BLADE · PRECISE · PRINCIPLED

Yu is finished, polished metal — exacting, articulate, image-aware. Strong in detail work, analysis, and presentation. The same precision can tip into criticism or perfectionism.

11. 戌 / 술 (Sul) — Dog · Yang Earth

DRY HILL · LOYAL · PROTECTIVE

Sul is warm, dry earth that banks the year's fire. Faithful, fair-minded, quick to defend people and principles. Strong in guardianship and service roles. Can be wary, blunt, or hard to win over.

12. 亥 / 해 (Hae) — Pig · Yin Water

DEEP WELL · HONEST · GENEROUS

Hae is still, deep water closing the cycle — sincere, warm, easy to trust. Strong in care, counsel, and quiet abundance. Generosity without boundaries can leave them depleted.

Branches carry hidden stems: each branch holds one to three Heavenly Stems inside it. The Tiger (In), for instance, is led by Yang Wood but also carries hidden Yang Fire and Yang Earth. A skilled reader weighs these hidden stems alongside the visible characters — which is why two people who share a zodiac animal can read very differently. (See hidden stems (jijanggan) for the full breakdown.)

Year Branch vs. Day Branch — which animal is "really" you?

Most people only know their Year Branch — the zodiac animal of their birth year. But a full chart has up to four branches (year, month, day, hour), and each speaks to a different area of life:

So the animal that feels most like "you" is often your Day Branch, not your birth-year animal — a common surprise the first time people see their full Saju chart.

How to use this list

  1. Calculate your Saju chart (link below) — it places all four branches for you, including the longitude-corrected hour.
  2. Find the lower character of your day pillar — that's your Day Branch.
  3. Read the matching branch card above, then compare it to your birth-year animal.
  4. Look at how your branches relate — harmonies (삼합/육합) and clashes (충) between branches are where a lot of the real reading happens.
🪶 Find My Day Branch (Free)
Enter your birth date + hour. Our calculator places all four branches, corrects your hour pillar, and highlights your Day Branch automatically.
Calculate My Branches →
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FAQ

Are the Earthly Branches the same as the Chinese zodiac animals?

Yes — the 12 branches are the technical names for the 12 zodiac animals (Ja = Rat, Chuk = Ox, In = Tiger…). The zodiac animal you know is simply your Year Branch; a full Saju chart can hold up to four different branch animals.

What is a Day Branch and why does it matter?

The Day Branch is the lower character of your day pillar. In Saju it's read as the spouse palace and reflects your more private temperament and close relationships, whereas the Year Branch leans toward public persona and family background.

What are "hidden stems" inside a branch?

Each branch quietly contains one to three Heavenly Stems. For example the Tiger (In) is led by Yang Wood but also carries hidden Yang Fire and Yang Earth. These hidden layers are part of why two people born in the same animal year can read so differently. Pair this page with the Ten Heavenly Stems guide to see the full picture.

Is one branch luckier than another?

No. There's no "good" or "bad" animal in serious Saju practice — what matters is the balance among your stems and branches and how they harmonise or clash. This page is offered for entertainment and cultural exploration only, as a tool for self-reflection rather than prediction.